LESSON 3: MONEY
Vocabulary page 24
| English |
Spanish |
| conquest |
conquista |
| westwards |
en dirección al oeste
Note: the suffix -"wards" means "en dirección a"
|
| handful |
puñado |
| sawmill |
aserradero |
| a saw |
una sierra |
| trample |
pisotear |
| willing |
dispuesto (to be willing to) |
| crops |
cosechas |
tear down
|
tirar abajo, derribar |
|
a flood of people
a deluge ['delju:dÊ’] of people
|
un montón de gente |
| flood |
inundación |
| deluge |
diluvio |
| cattle |
ganado |
| gold nugget |
pepita de oro |
| trickle |
goteo |
| the gold rush |
fiebre del oro, boom del oro |
Vocabulary page 25
| English |
Spanish |
| entrepreneur |
empresario |
Vocabulary about iMMigration
| English |
Spanish |
| bigotry |
fanatismo |
| a bigot |
fanático |
| wetbacks |
espaldas mojadas |
| dinghy |
bote (barco) neumático |
| headscarf |
velo, turbante (note the plural is 'headscarves) |
| picked fence |
valla con espinas |
| melting pot |
diversidad de culturas |
| citizenship |
ciudadanÃa |
| asylum seekers |
solicitantes de asilo pronunciation of 'sy' is /sai/. Use schwa for the other vowel sounds) |
| unfair |
injusto |
| running water |
agua corriente, potable |
| starvation |
muchÃsima hambre, hambruna |
| outnumber |
más numeroso (used as a verb 'to outnumber' = ser más numeroso que) |
| filing |
papeleo (pronunciation of the first syllable: /ai/. Otherwise, you'd be saying 'filling') |
Vocabulary page 26: Time is money
| English |
Spanish |
|
It's worth doing / seeing / having...
It has got is valuable
it's wothwhile.
|
merece la pena |
| a gap year |
hacer cosas como viajar un año antes
de comenzar la universidad.
ok, but you can TAKE a gap year whenever you feel like taking it! I said this at the time because this is what young wealthy people usually do!
|
|
make a profit
make benefits
|
tener beneficios |
- spend, spare: both can have po
ssSitive and negative meaning
- waste: only negative meaning
Vocabulary page 27: Close up
| English |
Spanish |
| doze |
dormitar (also used as a noun) |
Vocabulary about money
| English |
Spanish |
| currency |
moneda de un paÃs
|
|
coins
|
moneda
|
| windfall |
ganga ?!? (this is 'a bargain'). If you use 'windfall', you are talking about something good that happened to you that you didn't expect (profits, money, luck in general). Pronunciation of the first syllable /I/ |
|
withdrawal
take out money from the cash machine
|
retirar dinero del cajero (you are mixing nouns and verbs here. 'To withdraw' is the verb, the noun is 'withdrawal')
|
I have a hole in my pocket
|
no tengo un duro (rather than this, it means that you are wasting it, because you don't really notice when or what you are spending it on). To say 'no tengo un duro' you should say that you are broke or penniless, for instance
|
| budget |
presupuesto |
to splash out on something
|
gastarse un dineral en algo
darse un capricho
|
I can't afford it
|
no puedo pagarlo
Important: it isn't correct to say "I can't pay it"
|
- The words matter and mind have different meaning:
- matter: is impersonal.
Example: It doesn't matter (to me, to him, ...)
- mind: is personal
Example:I don't mind... (if a verb follows this verb, it must be used with -ing)
- Remember and remind are also different:
Examples:
When I see the ring, I remember the old times
When I see the ring, it reminds me of the old times
Conditionals
| Conditional |
Use |
Example |
| 1st conditional |
|
If you have dreams, money makes them possible
If you have dreams, money will make them possible
|
| 2nd conditional |
- present or future
- unreal things or hypothetical
|
If you had dreams, money would make them possible
If you had dreams, money might / could make them possible
|
| 3rd conditional |
|
If you had seen her, I would have asked her about you
Note: the pronunciation of "...would have..." is really important. It's weak!!!
|
| mixed conditionals |
|
If I had been born in a different country... (3rd conditional)
...I wouldn't be Spanish now (2nd conditional)
...I would have learned another language (3rd conditional)
...I would be living far from my family now (2nd conditional)
...I would speak another language now (2nd conditional)
|
Vocabulary page 32: Treasured possessions
| English |
Spanish |
- provided that
- providing
- providing that
- as long as
|
con tal de que |
| a lucky charm |
amuleto |
Important:
|
|
+ |
- a noun (if you cannot find any, you can use 'the fact that+ your sentence'. It will always be right, but will always sound more formal)
- verb with -ing
- never a sentence with subject + verb
|
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